What was urban renewal 1950s

The city tried to contain the expansion of African American living space, in part, by using densely packed, centrally located high-rise public housing.

Segregation became public policy, as the courts acknowledged in deciding the suit brought by Chicago Housing Authority CHA resident Dorothy Gautreaux. In , federal district court judge Richard Austin found that 99 percent of the residents of CHA family housing were black, and that Rather than solve the urban crisis, urban renewal had set the stage for its next phase.

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And as cities used federal money to raze entire areas to rebuild, people lost their homes and, more crucially, their communities. Because urban renewal was fundamentally targeted at clearing slums, poor people and people of color were often disproportionately impacted—something the map shows by designating cities with more people of color affected as purple and cities with more white people affected as green.

While much of the research on urban renewal focuses on big cities like Baltimore and New York, Nelson and his team found that the majority of cities that received federal funding and undertook urban renewal projects had populations of less than 50, people.

Because the policy required cities to have zoning rules, it incentivized many of these smaller towns to establish formal city planning offices. Map of Atlanta indicating how urban renewal projects often corresponded with areas that had been redlined in the s.

But those who benefited were often wealthier suburbanites. Cities were remade to their liking, leaving us with the car-centric urban areas we have today.