This association of Anglicanism with Loyalism tarred the church for many years after the Revolution. Some Protestant minorities, especially Presbyterians, were slightly more likely to choose Loyalism than others. Some neutrals did not much care who governed them so long as the government largely left them alone; others simply did not want to be on the losing side. It was a great risk to stake out a position, and the truth is most humans usually try to take the safe course.
In places where the war stayed a distant concern, people found it easier to be neutral, or barring that, lukewarm in their support of either side. But where troops arrived on the doorstep, pressure grew rapidly to take a side and vigorously support it. In the port city of Boston, Patriots were motivated by political ideology, but also by economic concerns.
In occupied New York City, artisans were under pressure to choose the Loyalist cause to keep working in the city. Farmers in the backcountry South who had tried to stay out of politics found one side or the other plundering their food and horses—and promptly chose the other side. Can you tell whether each artist supported the Patriot or Loyalist cause? Historians have not found any connection between educational level, occupation, position in society, or economic status and the choice to be a Patriot or a Loyalist.
Well-educated doctors, lawyers, and newspaper publishers all could be found on both sides. Families were split by the Revolution. Benjamin Franklin, a newspaper publisher and Enlightenment scientist, became a Patriot. He had secured a royal post for his son William Franklin as governor of New Jersey, and William chose to be a Loyalist.
The two never spoke again. Enslaved Africans and African Americans usually chose to support the British cause. It might also unnerve otherwise-loyal colonists in the Caribbean colonies, who did not join the independence movement but depended on slavery to generate wealth.
Yet as the War for Independence wore on, and British and Loyalist troops swept through the South from on, slaves took the gamble. More than 20 percent of the enslaved population voted with their feet and ran to British lines in South Carolina and Georgia during the war to claim their freedom. Free blacks, on the other hand, lived lives similar to those of poor white colonists, and they often chose the Patriot side for similar reasons.
Crispus Attucks worked as a sailor and on the docks, and he joined fellow dockworkers on March 5, , to protest now-hated British policies. New England states offered male slaves freedom in return for their military service, although their owners had to agree to allow them to serve. Historians estimate that approximately five thousand African Americans served in the Continental Army during the war. For all the debate over political ideals in the lead-up to the War for Independence, much of what motivated most people may have been more practical.
Many were persuaded more by their own personal concerns about their farm goods or the need to feed their families than they were by political ideas. When the Revolutionary War ended, the debate shifted to the kind of government the Americans were creating.
Which of the following is not true about the relationship between African Americans and the Loyalist Cause? To recommend reverence for the monarch, or affection for the mother country? View all insect worksheets. View all Bird worksheets. View all natural world worksheets. View all earth science worksheets. View all biology worksheets. View all space worksheets. View all science worksheets. View all animal worksheets.
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Click the Edit button above to get started. This sample is exclusively for KidsKonnect members! To download this worksheet, click the button below to signup for free it only takes a minute and you'll be brought right back to this page to start the download! During the American Revolutionary War , the people living in the Thirteen American Colonies had to decide whether they wanted to break away from British rule and gain independence or remain British citizens.
These two groups were the Patriots and the Loyalists. See the fact file below for more information on the Patriots and the Loyalists or alternatively, you can download our page Patriots and the Loyalists worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment.
This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about Patriots and Loyalists across 22 in-depth pages. For example, during early in the South Carolina backcountry, Loyalist recruitment outpaced that of the Patriots. Also, from to , a Loyalist civilian government was re established in coastal Georgia. The departure of royal officials, rich merchants, and landed gentry destroyed the hierarchical networks that thrived in the colonies.
Key members of the elite families that owned and controlled much of the commerce and industry in New York, Philadelphia, and Boston left the United States, undermining the cohesion of the old upper class and transforming the social structure of the colonies. Recent non-Anglophone immigrants especially Germans and Dutch , uncertain of their fate under the new regime, also fled. African American slaves and much of the Mohawk Nation joined the Loyalist migration north and northeast.
African American slaves and freedmen fought on both sides of the Revolutionary War; many were promised their freedom in exchange for service. African Americans—slave and free—served on both sides during the Revolutionary War. Many African Americans viewed the American Revolution as an opportunity to fight for their own liberty and freedom from slavery. The British recruited slaves belonging to Patriot masters and promised freedom to those who served.
Lord Dunmore, Royal Governor of Virginia, issued a proclamation offering freedom to all slaves who would fight for the British during the Revolutionary War. Hundreds of slaves escaped to join Dunmore and the British Army. African Americans also served extensively on British vessels and were considered more willing and able than their British counterparts on the deck. Other revolutionary leaders, however, were hesitant to utilize African Americans in their armed forces due to a fear that armed slaves would rise against them.
For instance, in May , the Massachusetts Committee of Safety stopped the enlistment of slaves in colonial armies. The action was then adopted by the Continental Congress when it took over Patriot forces to form the Continental Army. Many African Americans, believing that the Patriot cause would one day result in an expansion of their own civil rights and even the abolition of slavery, had already joined militia regiments at the beginning of the war.
Recruitment to the Continental Army following the lifted ban on black enlistment was equally positive, despite remaining concerns from officers, particularly in the South.
Small all-black units were formed in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, and many slaves were promised freedom for serving. African Americans piloted vessels, handled ammunition, and even served as pilots in various state navies. Another all-black unit came from Haiti with French forces. At least 5, black soldiers fought for the Revolutionary cause. Many former slaves who were promised freedom in exchange for their service in the Continental Army, however, were eventually returned to slavery.
Tens of thousands of slaves escaped during the war and joined British lines; others simply escaped on their own to freedom without fighting. Many who escaped were later enslaved again. This greatly disrupted plantation production during and after the war. When they withdrew their forces from Savannah and Charleston, the British also evacuated 10, slaves, now freedmen.
Altogether, the British were estimated to have evacuated nearly 20, freedmen including families with other Loyalists and their troops at the end of the war. More than 3, freedmen were resettled in Nova Scotia while others were transported to the West Indies of the Caribbean islands. Others traveled to Great Britain. Augustine after the war never gained their freedom.
American Indian tribes were divided over whether to support Great Britain or the Patriots during the American Revolution. During the American Revolution, the newly proclaimed United States competed with the British for the allegiance of American Indian nations east of the Mississippi River. Most American Indians who joined the struggle sided with the British, based both on their trading relationships and hopes that colonial defeat would result in a halt to further colonial expansion onto American Indian land.
Other native communities were divided over which side to support in the war and others wanted to remain neutral. The first American Indian community to sign a treaty with the new United States government was the Lenape.
The only Iroquois tribes to ally with the colonials were the Oneida and Tuscarora.
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